Thinking about a new furry friend in 2026? Are chinchillas a good pet? This comprehensive guide dives deep into what makes these adorable, long-lived rodents unique companions. Discover their specific care needs, explore their playful personalities, and learn if a chinchilla truly fits your lifestyle. We cover everything from housing essentials to diet dos and don'ts, health considerations, and behavior insights. Get ready for expert tips and up-to-date facts to help you decide if a chinchilla is your perfect small pet match. This resource offers essential information for both prospective and current chinchilla owners seeking navigational and informational insights. Understand the significant commitment required for these charming creatures.

Are Chinchillas a Good Pet FAQ 2026 - All Your Questions Answered

Welcome to the ultimate living FAQ for chinchilla ownership, meticulously updated for 2026! Navigating the world of exotic pets can feel overwhelming, but we're here to demystify everything about these adorable, fluffy companions. This comprehensive guide covers over 50 of the most asked questions, offering practical tips, crucial tricks, essential guides, and answers to common concerns. Whether you're a prospective owner or already cherishing a chinchilla, consider this your go-to resource for ensuring a happy, healthy life for your long-eared friend. Let's dive into the specifics of chinchilla care together, making your journey smooth and informed.

Beginner Chinchilla Questions

How long do chinchillas live?

Chinchillas boast an impressive lifespan, typically living between 10 to 20 years with proper care. This makes them a significant long-term commitment, requiring owners to plan for many years of dedicated companionship and responsible pet ownership. Their longevity exceeds most other small rodent pets.

Are chinchillas good for kids?

Chinchillas are generally not ideal pets for young children. They are delicate animals requiring gentle handling, and their nocturnal nature means they are most active when children might be sleeping. Older, responsible children can learn to care for them under adult supervision, appreciating their unique charm. They are not typically cuddly or robust for active play.

What do chinchillas eat?

Chinchillas require a very specific diet primarily consisting of unlimited fresh timothy hay and high-quality chinchilla pellets. Hay is crucial for their digestive health and dental wear. Treats should be minimal and approved for chinchillas, like a tiny piece of dried rose hip. Avoid fresh fruits, vegetables, and sugary items. A balanced diet prevents many health issues.

Are chinchillas cuddly?

Chinchillas are generally not considered cuddly pets in the traditional sense. They are delicate and prefer gentle handling rather than being held tightly or extensively. While they can bond deeply with their owners and enjoy quiet interaction, they typically do not like to be picked up or stroked for long periods. Respecting their boundaries is key to a good relationship.

Housing and Environment

What size cage does a chinchilla need?

A single chinchilla needs a spacious, multi-level wire cage, ideally at least 2x2x3 feet (width x depth x height). Larger is always better for exercise and enrichment. Ensure solid platforms or shelves made from kiln-dried pine to protect their delicate feet from wire-bottom injuries. Proper ventilation is also absolutely essential.

Can chinchillas get hot easily?

Yes, chinchillas are extremely prone to overheating due to their incredibly dense fur. They cannot sweat and can suffer heatstroke very quickly in temperatures above 75°F (24°C). Maintaining a consistently cool environment, ideally between 60-70°F (15-21°C), is crucial for their survival and well-being. Air conditioning is often necessary.

What kind of bedding is best for chinchillas?

The best bedding for chinchillas is typically kiln-dried pine shavings or paper-based bedding that is dust-free and absorbent. Avoid cedar and aromatic pine, as their oils can cause respiratory problems. Fleece cage liners are also a popular and reusable option, provided they are changed frequently. Ensure bedding is always clean and dry.

Do chinchillas need dust baths?

Absolutely, chinchillas require dust baths for their hygiene and fur health. They don't bathe in water; instead, they roll in fine volcanic dust to remove oils and dirt from their dense coats. Provide a sturdy bath house with specialized chinchilla dust a few times a week for 10-15 minutes. Regular dust baths prevent fur matting and skin conditions.

Diet and Nutrition

Can chinchillas eat fresh fruits and vegetables?

No, chinchillas should not eat fresh fruits and vegetables due to their sensitive digestive systems. These foods often contain too much sugar and moisture, which can cause severe gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, and potentially fatal bloat. Their diet must remain very dry and high in fiber. Stick to hay and specialized pellets.

Why is hay so important for chinchillas?

Hay is paramount for chinchillas because it provides the essential fiber needed for proper digestion and helps grind down their continuously growing teeth. Unlimited access to fresh timothy hay prevents dental issues like malocclusion and maintains a healthy gut. Without sufficient hay, serious health problems can quickly arise for them.

What are safe treats for chinchillas?

Safe treats for chinchillas are very limited and should be given sparingly. Small pieces of dried rose hips, hibiscus flowers, or a tiny pinch of unsweetened Shredded Wheat are acceptable. Always research treats thoroughly and introduce them one at a time. The keyword here is 'sparingly' to avoid digestive upset.

What should I avoid feeding my chinchilla?

You must avoid feeding your chinchilla sugary foods, fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, dairy products, and human snacks. These items can cause severe digestive problems, bloat, and even death due to their sensitive systems. Stick strictly to specialized chinchilla pellets and unlimited timothy hay for their health.

Health and Wellness

How often should I take my chinchilla to the vet?

You should take your chinchilla for an annual check-up with an experienced exotic veterinarian, even if they appear healthy. Regular vet visits help monitor their dental health, weight, and overall condition, allowing for early detection of potential issues. Promptly schedule a vet visit if you notice any changes in behavior or health. Proactive care is vital.

What are common signs of illness in chinchillas?

Common signs of illness in chinchillas include lethargy, loss of appetite, changes in stool (diarrhea or absence), difficulty breathing, discharge from eyes or nose, fur chewing, and weight loss. Chinchillas hide illness well, so observing subtle changes is critical. Any unusual behavior warrants an immediate vet visit for their well-being.

Can chinchillas get respiratory problems?

Yes, chinchillas can suffer from respiratory problems, often due to improper bedding (like cedar), dusty environments, or bacterial infections. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal discharge, laboured breathing, or lethargy. Maintaining a clean, well-ventilated cage and using safe bedding helps prevent these issues. Consult a vet if you suspect a respiratory infection quickly.

What is fur chewing, and how can I prevent it?

Fur chewing is a behavior where a chinchilla compulsively chews its own fur, often leading to patchy coats. It can stem from stress, boredom, poor diet, or even an underlying medical condition. Prevention involves ensuring a proper diet, ample enrichment with chew toys, a stable environment, and addressing any stressors. A vet can help diagnose the cause.

Behavior and Handling

Are chinchillas nocturnal?

Chinchillas are primarily crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dusk and dawn, rather than strictly nocturnal. They will also exhibit bursts of activity throughout the night. This natural sleep pattern is important to consider for their housing placement and interaction schedule. They typically sleep soundly during daylight hours.

How do chinchillas show affection?

Chinchillas show affection in subtle ways, such as gently nibbling or 'grooming' you, allowing you to pet them, or sitting calmly near you. They might 'chatter' happily or offer soft cooing sounds. Over time, a bonded chinchilla might hop onto your shoulder or accept treats readily. Patience is key to earning their trust and affection.

How should I handle my chinchilla safely?

Handle your chinchilla safely by supporting their entire body, especially their hindquarters, and never picking them up by their tail. Use both hands, one under the chest and the other supporting their bottom. Avoid sudden movements and always be gentle, as they are delicate and can easily be startled. Short handling sessions are best. Always be gentle.

Do chinchillas like to play?

Yes, chinchillas love to play and explore! They enjoy running, jumping, and climbing within their multi-level cages and during supervised out-of-cage playtime. Providing safe chew toys, tunnels, and an exercise wheel with a solid surface gives them essential mental and physical enrichment. Their playful antics are often very entertaining to watch.

Socialization and Companionship

Do chinchillas need a companion?

Chinchillas are social animals and can thrive with a same-sex companion, especially if introduced correctly at a young age. However, a single chinchilla can also be perfectly happy and well-adjusted if given sufficient human interaction and enrichment. Introducing adult chinchillas can be challenging and requires careful planning and observation. Assess their individual needs.

Can chinchillas live with other types of pets?

No, chinchillas generally should not live with other types of pets like cats, dogs, or even other small rodents. Different species have vastly different needs and can pose stress, disease transmission risks, or even predatory threats to chinchillas. For their safety and well-being, chinchillas are best kept only with other chinchillas or as single pets.

How do I introduce two chinchillas?

Introducing two chinchillas requires a slow, gradual process called 'split cage' method. Initially, house them in separate cages placed side-by-side so they can smell and see each other without direct contact. Gradually allow supervised interactions in neutral territory over several weeks, watching for any signs of aggression. Patience and caution are crucial for successful bonding.

Cost and Commitment

How much does a chinchilla cost initially?

The initial cost for a chinchilla itself typically ranges from $150 to $400, depending on the breeder and rarity of the color. However, the largest initial expense is the setup, including a large multi-level cage, food, dust, and accessories, which can easily total $300-$800. This initial investment ensures a suitable home for them.

What are the ongoing costs of chinchilla care?

Ongoing costs for chinchilla care include high-quality hay and pellets, which can be around $30-$50 per month. Regular dust for baths, chew toys, and bedding add to the monthly expenses. Annual vet check-ups for exotic pets are also essential and can range from $70-$150 or more, not including any specific treatments or medications needed. It's a consistent expense.

How much time daily do chinchillas require?

Chinchillas require daily attention, even if it's primarily in the evening. This includes fresh food and water, spot cleaning the cage, and supervised playtime outside the cage for at least 30-60 minutes. Dust baths are offered several times a week. While they are not constantly demanding, consistent daily interaction is important for their socialization and health.

Myth vs. Reality

Myth Are chinchillas low-maintenance pets?

Reality: Chinchillas are NOT low-maintenance pets. They have very specific and demanding care requirements, including strict dietary needs, temperature control, and specialized housing. Their long lifespan also means a significant long-term commitment. Neglecting their specific needs can quickly lead to severe health problems. They require dedicated, informed owners.

Myth Do chinchillas stink?

Reality: Chinchillas themselves are virtually odorless, one of their appealing traits. Their fur is very dense, and they do not have strong body odors like some other rodents. Any unpleasant smell usually comes from a dirty cage, indicating it's time for a thorough cleaning. Proper hygiene keeps their living environment fresh. They are very clean animals.

Myth Can chinchillas eat anything green?

Reality: No, this is a dangerous myth. Chinchillas have extremely sensitive digestive systems and cannot eat most fresh green foods, fruits, or vegetables. Such items can cause fatal bloat and gastrointestinal upset due to their sugar and moisture content. Their diet must be primarily dry, high-fiber hay and specialized pellets only. Avoid guesswork with their diet.

Myth Are chinchillas just big hamsters?

Reality: Chinchillas are distinctly different from hamsters in many crucial ways. They are much larger, have a significantly longer lifespan, require a specific diet, and have unique environmental needs, particularly regarding temperature. Their social behaviors and handling preferences also vary greatly. They are far more complex than a typical hamster.

Myth Do chinchillas make good first pets?

Reality: Chinchillas are generally not recommended as good first pets, especially for children or inexperienced owners. Their specialized care requirements, long lifespan, and delicate nature demand a knowledgeable and committed owner. They are best suited for individuals who have thoroughly researched their needs and are prepared for the dedication involved. They are a unique choice.

Advanced Care and Troubleshooting

How to set up a chinchilla-proof play area.

To create a chinchilla-proof play area, block off all escape routes and cover any electrical cords. Remove toxic plants, small objects they might ingest, and anything valuable they might chew. Ensure a clear, open space for running and jumping, with safe tunnels or hideaways. Supervise them constantly during playtime for their safety.

What to do if your chinchilla stops eating.

If your chinchilla stops eating, it is an emergency requiring immediate veterinary attention from an exotic vet. Loss of appetite can indicate serious issues like dental problems, gastrointestinal stasis, or other illnesses. Offer tempting safe foods like critical care formula if available, but primarily seek professional medical help without delay. Their health can decline very quickly.

Best ways to keep their enclosure cool.

Keep a chinchilla enclosure cool by using air conditioning, placing ceramic tiles in their cage (which they can lie on), and ensuring good ventilation. Avoid direct sunlight and keep the room temperature consistently below 75°F (24°C). Frozen water bottles wrapped in a towel can provide temporary relief during short warm spells. Consistent cooling is non-negotiable.

Still Have Questions?

Our comprehensive guides and expert tips are here to support your chinchilla journey. Explore more of our articles on chinchilla diet, health, and enrichment to become the best pet parent possible. Your chinchilla will thank you for being so informed!

Are Chinchillas a Good Pet - Complete 2026 Guide and Walkthrough

Ever wondered if those fluffy, big-eyed critters known as chinchillas could be your next beloved companion? Many potential pet parents ask, "Are chinchillas a good pet for my household?" It is a truly excellent question considering their unique needs and significant charm. In 2026, understanding chinchilla care goes beyond basic knowledge for happy, healthy living.

This ultimate guide provides deep insights into chinchilla ownership, covering their daily care and advanced tips. You will gain comprehensive knowledge to make an informed decision about welcoming these fascinating animals. Get ready to explore the exciting world of chinchilla companionship with expert advice and up-to-date facts.

Are chinchillas a good pet can often depend on your lifestyle and your long-term commitment. They are not like your average hamster or a typical guinea pig. These unique pets require very specialized attention and a precise environmental setup. Let's dive into their intriguing world and see if a chinchilla is the perfect fluffy match for you.

The Chinchilla Charm Understanding These Unique Critters

Chinchillas are undeniably adorable, known for their incredibly soft fur and bushy tails. They originate from the rocky Andes Mountains of South America, adapting to cool, arid conditions. Their long lifespan, often extending 10 to 20 years, makes them a significant long-term commitment for owners. Their gentle demeanor and quiet nature often appeal to many people seeking a unique companion.

Chinchilla Quick Facts

• Lifespan: 10-20 years (significantly longer than most small rodents)
• Origin: Andes Mountains, South America (thrive in cool, dry climates)
• Activity: Nocturnal/Crepuscular (most active during dusk and dawn)
• Diet: High-fiber hay, specialized chinchilla pellets, very limited treats
• Housing: Large multi-level cage, solid shelves, chew-safe materials
• Social Needs: Can be kept alone with sufficient interaction or in same-sex pairs

Daily Life with a Chinchilla Essential Care Tips

Bringing a chinchilla into your home means preparing for their specific daily requirements. Proper care is crucial for their well-being and ensures they live a long, healthy life. Thinking ahead about their needs will make your experience more rewarding. Let's explore the essentials to provide a thriving environment.

Housing Your Chinchilla Creating a Perfect Home

Your chinchilla's cage is their sanctuary, so size and safety are paramount. A multi-level wire cage, at least 2x2x3 feet for one chinchilla, is essential. Ensure solid surfaces like kiln-dried pine shelves to protect their delicate feet from wire bottom injuries. Avoid plastic components whenever possible, as chewing them can cause serious health issues.

Feeding Your Chinchilla The Right Diet Matters

A chinchilla's diet is incredibly specific and vital for their digestive health. Unlimited fresh timothy hay should always be available, forming the bulk of their daily intake. High-quality chinchilla pellets, approximately one to two tablespoons daily, supplement their diet with essential nutrients. Avoid sugary or high-fat treats, offering only tiny, approved items sparingly. Introducing new foods slowly prevents stomach upset.

Dust Baths and Hygiene Keeping Them Clean

Chinchillas maintain their luxurious fur by taking dust baths, not water baths. Provide a small, sturdy container filled with volcanic chinchilla dust several times a week for about 10-15 minutes. This special dust removes oils and dirt, keeping their fur healthy and clean. Regular dust baths are absolutely essential for preventing skin issues and maintaining coat quality.

Temperature and Environment The Cool Zone

Chinchillas are highly susceptible to heatstroke due to their dense fur and inability to sweat. Their ideal environment temperature ranges between 60-75°F (15-24°C). Temperatures above 80°F (27°C) are dangerous and can quickly become fatal. Always monitor room temperature and provide cooling options like ceramic tiles during warmer periods. Air conditioning is a must in hot climates to ensure their safety.

Chinchilla Behavior and Socialization What to Expect

Chinchillas exhibit fascinating behaviors that pet owners will quickly learn to recognize. They are naturally curious and enjoy exploring their surroundings, especially during their active hours. Understanding their body language helps build a stronger bond. These small details make the chinchilla experience truly unique and engaging.

Playtime and Enrichment Keeping Them Entertained

Regular supervised playtime outside the cage is crucial for physical and mental stimulation. Provide safe chew toys made from kiln-dried pine, applewood, or lava rock to satisfy their natural chewing instincts. Exercise wheels with a solid running surface are also excellent for promoting activity. Rotate toys frequently to keep them interested and engaged with their environment.

Handling and Bonding Building Trust

Chinchillas are not typically pets that enjoy extensive cuddling due to their delicate bone structure. They prefer gentle handling and appreciate a calm, patient approach when interacting. Building trust takes time and consistency, often involving offering treats or quiet presence. Once bonded, they may hop onto you or accept gentle petting. Remember, respect their boundaries always.

Common Chinchilla Health Concerns Stay Informed

Knowing common health issues helps you quickly identify problems and seek veterinary care. Chinchillas are delicate creatures, and early detection of symptoms is key to successful treatment. Regular observation of their eating, drinking, and waste habits is vital for maintaining their health. Always consult an exotic vet for any health concerns.

Dental Health Lifelong Grinders

Chinchilla teeth grow continuously throughout their lives, necessitating constant chewing to wear them down. Without proper hay and chew toys, their teeth can overgrow, leading to serious dental problems. Signs of dental issues include difficulty eating, drooling, or weight loss. Regular vet check-ups can help monitor their dental health effectively.

Heatstroke Prevention Essential Knowledge

Heatstroke is a critical and common danger for chinchillas, particularly in warmer climates. Symptoms include lethargy, panting, moist fur around the nose, and a red flush in the ears. Immediate cooling measures and emergency veterinary care are essential for survival. Never expose a chinchilla to direct sunlight or warm, humid environments.

Fur Chewing and Stress Indicators

Fur chewing, where a chinchilla chews its own fur, can be a sign of stress, boredom, or even a nutritional deficiency. Addressing the root cause is important for resolving this behavior. Ensure they have adequate enrichment, a proper diet, and a stable, quiet environment. Consulting a vet can help rule out underlying medical conditions causing the issue.

What Others Are Asking About Chinchillas? (FAQs)

As guide writers, we always hear questions about pet chinchillas. Many people consider getting one but have critical questions first. Let's tackle some of the most common queries, providing direct answers for your quick reference. These insights will help you navigate your chinchilla ownership journey in 2026.

Are chinchillas messy pets?

Chinchillas are relatively clean animals, typically very odor-free themselves; their dust baths keep them pristine. They produce dry waste pellets that are easy to clean up from their cage. However, their dust baths can create some fine dust in the surrounding area, and they might scatter hay from their feeders. Regular cage cleaning minimizes any mess effectively.

Do chinchillas bite humans often?

Chinchillas generally do not bite humans often, especially when properly socialized and handled gently. They are more likely to nip if startled, feeling threatened, or if they mistake a finger for a treat. Their primary defense mechanism is spraying urine or running away, not biting. Patience and positive reinforcement build trust.

What is the average lifespan of a pet chinchilla?

The average lifespan of a pet chinchilla is impressive, typically ranging from 10 to 20 years with proper care. Some chinchillas have even lived beyond 20 years in optimal conditions. This long commitment means prospective owners should be prepared for many years of dedicated pet ownership before bringing one home.

Can chinchillas be left alone during the day?

Yes, chinchillas can be left alone during the day, as they are primarily nocturnal creatures. They tend to sleep for most of the daylight hours. However, they still require daily interaction and supervised playtime during their active evening hours. Providing ample enrichment in their cage keeps them stimulated while you are away.

What are the biggest challenges of owning a chinchilla?

The biggest challenges of owning a chinchilla include their strict environmental temperature requirements, especially avoiding heat. Their highly specific diet and delicate digestive system also pose challenges. They are not cuddly pets, requiring patient handling, and their long lifespan demands a significant, long-term commitment. Finding an experienced exotic vet can also be difficult.

Are chinchillas expensive to keep?

Chinchillas can be moderately expensive to keep, especially considering initial setup costs for a large cage and essential accessories. Ongoing expenses include high-quality hay, specialized pellets, and dust. Veterinary care, particularly with exotic vets, can also be costly. Their long lifespan means these expenses are a commitment spanning many years.

Can chinchillas live with other pets?

Chinchillas generally should not live with other types of pets, like cats, dogs, or even other rodents. Different species have differing needs and can pose stress or even predatory threats to chinchillas. While some owners successfully house chinchillas in multi-pet homes, direct cohabitation or close unsupervised contact is strongly discouraged for their safety.

Are Chinchillas a Good Pet for You? Pros and Cons in 2026

Deciding if a chinchilla is the right pet involves weighing their unique advantages and disadvantages. These animals bring joy but also specific responsibilities. Understanding both sides helps set realistic expectations for your journey as a chinchilla parent. Consider your lifestyle carefully before making this wonderful commitment.

Pros of Chinchilla Ownership

• Long Lifespan: They can be cherished companions for many years.
• Clean and Odor-Free: Their dry waste and lack of strong body odor are appealing.
• Quiet Nature: They make minimal noise, ideal for apartment living.
• Unique Personalities: Each chinchilla develops a distinct, charming character.
• Hypoallergenic Potential: Their dense fur often causes fewer allergic reactions.

Cons of Chinchilla Ownership

• High Heat Sensitivity: Require consistently cool environments, prone to heatstroke.
• Specific Diet: Very strict dietary needs; digestive issues are common without proper food.
• Not Cuddly: Generally prefer minimal physical contact, not lap pets.
• Nocturnal Activity: Most active at night, which may not suit all schedules.
• Specialized Vet Care: Finding an experienced exotic veterinarian can be challenging.
• Time Commitment: Their long lifespan means a significant dedication of time.

Advanced Chinchilla Care and Pro Tips for Happy Pets

Once you master the basics, you can enhance your chinchilla's life with advanced techniques. These tips come from years of experience in responsible chinchilla ownership. Elevating their care demonstrates true dedication to their well-being. Always prioritize their health and happiness above all else.

Understanding Their Vocalizations

Chinchillas communicate through a fascinating array of chirps, barks, squeaks, and grunts. A soft coo often indicates contentment, while sharp barks might signal alarm or irritation. Learning to interpret these sounds helps you understand their moods and needs better. This communication deepens your connection with your furry friend.

Building a Chinchilla-Proof Play Area

When allowing out-of-cage playtime, ensure the area is completely chinchilla-proofed. Remove all electrical wires, toxic plants, and small items they could chew or ingest. Supervise them constantly to prevent accidents and ensure their safety. A dedicated, safe play space promotes crucial exercise and exploration for them.

Recognizing Subtle Health Changes

Chinchillas are masters at hiding illness, a survival instinct from the wild. Pay close attention to subtle changes in appetite, energy levels, and stool consistency. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment outcomes. Regular weight checks are a simple yet effective way to monitor their overall health and well-being proactively.

Common Mistakes to Avoid with Chinchillas

Even experienced pet owners can sometimes make mistakes. Being aware of common pitfalls helps you prevent them, ensuring your chinchilla thrives. Education is your best tool for providing optimal care and avoiding preventable issues. Learn from others' experiences to give your pet the best life possible.

• Giving inappropriate treats, especially sugary or fatty foods.
• Housing them in plastic cages or with plastic accessories they can chew.
• Using incorrect bedding, like cedar or pine shavings, which can cause respiratory issues.
• Exposing them to high temperatures or direct sunlight, risking heatstroke.
• Not providing enough hay or proper chew toys for dental health.
• Bathing them in water, which can strip their fur of essential oils and cause illness.
• Neglecting regular cage cleaning, leading to unsanitary conditions.
• Forcing interaction or handling when they prefer to be left alone.

Key Takeaways for Chinchilla Ownership 2026

Chinchillas are magnificent pets offering unique companionship for many years. They demand specific environmental conditions, including cool temperatures and a precise diet. Regular dust baths are essential for their hygiene and fur health. Building trust through patient, gentle interaction fosters a strong bond. Always be prepared for their long-term commitment and unique veterinary needs. Avoiding common mistakes ensures a thriving and happy chinchilla companion.

Ready to embark on this rewarding journey? Your furry friend awaits! Stay tuned for more expert pet guides and insights.

Chinchillas offer unique companionship but demand specific care. Pros include their long lifespan and clean, odor-free nature. Cons involve specialized housing, dedicated dust baths, and a highly sensitive digestive system. They are naturally nocturnal and thrive best in consistently cool environments. Essential tips cover providing the correct diet, daily enrichment activities, and understanding their social needs. Proper, consistent care ensures a healthy, happy, and long-lived chinchilla companion.